Engineering geological and geotechnical research studies the geological characteristics of the land to plan and implement engineering projects (such as roads, buildings, bridges, etc.). These studies aim to ensure the safety and stability of projects by examining subsurface structures, rock layers, reservoirs, and other geological factors. Geological-geotechnical research aims to develop geological, geomechanical, and geotechnical models that facilitate understanding the behavior of subsurface materials.
Geotechnical research evaluates the physical and mechanical properties of the ground, such as the strength and density of rock and soil layers. These studies are conducted to ensure the stability of engineering structures and to assess ground movements and other geotechnical risks. Geotechnical research primarily encompasses the analysis of soil mechanics, rock mechanics, and geosynthetic materials.
Knowledge about the Earth's properties is becoming increasingly important as human activities, mining materials, and construction are fundamentally based on it. The significance of geological-geotechnical research as a foundation for civil engineering projects arises from this necessity.
Geological-geotechnical research:
- Civil, industrial, and service projects (foundations, retaining walls, piles, building supports, etc.)
- Linear works (roads, railways, etc.)
- Excavations and embankments
- Mines and quarries
- Identification, prevention, and mitigation of geological risks (subsidence, collapse, karstification, flooding, erosion probability, etc.)
- Geological, geomorphological, hydrogeological, and geotechnical mapping, etc.
- Geophysical exploration (geo-electrical, seismic, ground-penetrating radar, etc.)
